Search results for "Neutron cross section"

showing 10 items of 39 documents

Beta Decay Studies of Neutron Rich Nuclei Using Total Absorption Gamma-ray Spectroscopy and Delayed Neutron Measurements

2010

International audience; A complete characterisation of the β-decay of neutron-rich nuclei can be obtained from the measurement of β-delayed gamma rays and, whenever the process is energetically possible, β-delayed neutrons. The accurate determination of the β-intensity distribution and the β-delayed neutron emission probability is of great relevance in the fields of reactor technology and nuclear astrophysics. A programme for combined measurements using the total absorption gamma-ray spectroscopy technique and both neutron counters and neutron time-of-flight spectrometers is presented.

Astrofísica nuclearNeutron emissionAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaNuclear TheoryGeneral Physics and AstronomyBeta decayNeutron scattering[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsPrompt neutronNuclear Technology0103 physical sciencesNuclear AstrophysicsNeutron cross sectionNeutronDelayed neutrons emission010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentSpectroscopyPhysics:Energies::Energia nuclear [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]Total Absorption Gamma-Rayta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsRadioactivitat betaNeutron stimulated emission computed tomographyBeta DecayDelayed Neutron Emission3. Good healthNeutron Detectors23.40.Bw 29.30.KvNuclear astrophysicsPrompt neutronsDelayed neutronNeutron activation
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The alanine detector in BNCT dosimetry: Dose response in thermal and epithermal neutron fields

2014

Purpose: The response of alanine solid state dosimeters to ionizing radiation strongly depends on particle type and energy. Due to nuclear interactions, neutron fields usually also consist of secondary particles such as photons and protons of diverse energies. Various experiments have been carried out in three different neutron beams to explore the alanine dose response behavior and to validate model predictions. Additionally, application in medical neutron fields for boron neutron capture therapy is discussed. Methods: Alanine detectors have been irradiated in the thermal neutron field of the research reactor TRIGA Mainz, Germany, in five experimental conditions, generating different secon…

Bonner sphereMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::Medical Physicstechnology industry and agricultureGeneral MedicineNeutron temperatureNuclear physicsNeutron captureAbsorbed doseNeutron cross sectionDosimetryNeutron sourceNeutronNuclear medicinebusinessMedical Physics
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Neutron fluence spectrometry using disk activation

2009

Abstract A simple and robust detector for spectrometry of environmental neutrons has been developed. The technique is based on neutron activation of a series of different metal disks followed by low-level gamma-ray spectrometry of the activated disks and subsequent neutron spectrum unfolding. The technique is similar to foil activation but here the applied neutron fluence rates are much lower than usually in the case of foil activation. The detector has been tested in quasi mono-energetic neutron fields with fluence rates in the order of 1000–10000 cm −2  s −1 , where the obtained spectra showed good agreement with spectra measured using a Bonner sphere spectrometer. The detector has also b…

Bonner spherePhysicsRadiationSpectrometerPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFluenceNuclear physicsNeutron fluxNeutron cross sectionNeutron detectionNeutronAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationNeutron activationRadiation Measurements
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Measurement of the n-TOF beam profile with a micromegas detector

2004

A Micromegas detector was used in the neutron Time-Of-Flight (n_TOF) facility at CERN to evaluate the spatial distribution of the neutron beam as a function of its kinetic energy. This was achieved over a large range of neutron energies by using two complementary processes: at low energy by capture of a neutron via the 6Li(n,[alpha])t reaction, and at high energy by elastic scattering of neutrons on gas nuclei (argon+isobutane or helium+isobutane). Data are compared to Monte Carlo simulations and an analytic function fitting the beam profile has been calculated with a sufficient precision to use in neutron capture experiments at the n_TOF facility. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/artic…

Elastic scatteringPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsArgonPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaBeam profileNuclear Theorychemistry.chemical_elementMicroMegas detectorNUCLEAR PHYSICSNeutron radiationNuclear physicsNeutron capturechemistryNEUTRON BEAMSNeutron cross sectionMICROMEGAS DETECTORNeutron detectionNeutron beam profilerNeutronNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationMicromegas
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New measurement of the 242Pu(n,γ) cross section at n_TOF

2016

The use of MOX fuel (mixed-oxide fuel made of UO2 and PuO2 ) in nuclear reactors allows substituting a large fraction of the enriched Uranium by Plutonium reprocessed from spent fuel. With the use of such new fuel composition rich in Pu, a better knowledge of the capture and fission cross sections of the Pu isotopes becomes very important. In particular, a new series of cross section evaluations have been recently carried out jointly by the European (JEFF) and United States (ENDF) nuclear data agencies. For the case of 242 Pu, the two only neutron capture time-of-flight measurements available, from 1973 and 1976, are not consistent with each other, which calls for a new time-of flight captu…

EngineeringIsotopes of uranium010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryNuclear engineeringPhysicsQC1-9997. Clean energy01 natural sciencesEngineering physicsSpent nuclear fuelNeutron temperatureNeutron capture0103 physical sciencesPlutonium-242Neutron cross sectionUranium-235010306 general physicsbusinessMOX fuelEPJ Web of Conferences
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Neutron cross section measurements at n_TOF for ADS related estudies

2005

A neutron Time-of-Flight facility (n_TOF) is available at CERN since 2001. The innovative features of the neutron beam, in particular the high instantaneous flux, the wide energy range, the high resolution and the low background, make this facility unique for measurements of neutron induced reactions relevant to the field of Emerging Nuclear Technologies, as well as to Nuclear Astrophysics and Fundamental Nuclear Physics. The scientific motivations that have led to the construction of this new facility are here presented. The main characteristics of the n_TOF neutron beam are described, together with the features of the experimental apparata used for cross-section measurements. The main res…

HistoryAstrofísica nuclearNeutron cross sectionsNuclear transmutationNuclear engineeringNuclear TheoryNuclear physicsNeutrons -- SeccionsEducationNuclear physicsRadiació ionitzant -- Mesures de seguretatRadioactive wastesNeutron cross sectionNuclear astrophysicsNeutronNuclear ExperimentPhysicsLarge Hadron Collider:Física [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]Time-of-flight mass spectrometryRadioactive wasteNeutron radiationWaste disposalResidus radioactiusComputer Science ApplicationsShielding (Radiation)Physics::Accelerator PhysicsNuclear astrophysicsFísica nuclearNucleon
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Neutron capture cross section measurements for nuclear astrophyisics at CERN n_TOF

2005

A series of neutron capture cross section measurements of interest to nuclear astrophysics have been recently performed at n_TOF, the neutron spallation source operating at CERN. The low repetition frequency of the proton beam driver, the extremely high instantaneous neutron flux, and the low background conditions in the experimental area are optimal for capture cross section measurements on low-mass or radioactive samples. An overview of the measurements performed during the two experimental campaigns in 2002 and 2003 is presented with special emphasis on the measurement of the capture cross sections of the Os isotopes relevant for the cosmochronology based on the Re/Os clock. http://www.s…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsAstrofísica nuclearNeutron cross sectionsProtonAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaNuclear Theory[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciencesNeutrons -- SeccionsNuclear physicsCross section (physics)Neutron flux0103 physical sciencesNeutron cross sectionNuclear astrophysicsSpallationNeutron010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentPhysicsNeutronsLarge Hadron Collider:Física [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]010308 nuclear & particles physicsRadioactivityPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsNuclear astrophysicsFísica nuclear
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Measurements of the 90,91,92,94,96 Zr n, gamma cross-sections at n_TOF

2005

Neutron capture cross sections of the 90,91,92,94,96Zr have been measured over the energy range from 1 eV to 1 MeV at the spallation neutron facility n TOF at CERN in 2003. The innovative features of the neutron beam, in particular the high instantaneous flux, the high energy resolution and low background, together with improvements of the neutron sensitivity of the capture detectors make this facility unique for neutron-induced reaction cross section measurements with much improved accuracy. The preliminary results of the Zr measurements show capture resonance strengths generally smaller than in previous measurements. Peer Reviewed

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsNeutron cross sectionsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaNuclear TheoryNeutron scattering[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesNeutrons -- SeccionsNeutron time-of-flight scatteringNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesNeutron cross sectionNeutrons -- MesuramentNeutron010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentPhysicsBonner sphere010308 nuclear & particles physicsNeutrons--MeasurementNeutron stimulated emission computed tomographyNeutron temperatureNeutron capture:Física::Astronomia i astrofísica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]Physics::Accelerator Physics
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Characterization of a neutron-beta counting system with beta-delayed neutron emitters

2016

Abstract A new detection system for the measurement of beta-delayed neutron emission probabilities has been characterized using fission products with well known β-delayed neutron emission properties. The setup consists of BELEN-20, a 4π neutron counter with twenty 3He proportional tubes arranged inside a large polyethylene neutron moderator, a thin Si detector for β counting and a self-triggering digital data acquisition system. The use of delayed-neutron precursors with different neutron emission windows allowed the study of the effect of energy dependency on neutron, β and β–neutron rates. The observed effect is well reproduced by Monte Carlo simulations. The impact of this dependency on …

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsNeutron emissionAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaNuclear TheoryMontecarlo Mètode de01 natural sciencesSelf-triggered digital data acquisition systemNuclear physicsNeutron and beta counters0103 physical sciencesGeant4 simulationsNeutron cross sectionNeutron detectionNeutronself-triggered digital data acquisition system010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationBeta-delayed neutron emission probabilityPhysicsBonner spherebeta-delayed neutron emission probability:Energies::Energia nuclear [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]Neutronsta114ta213010308 nuclear & particles physicsNeutron stimulated emission computed tomographyNeutron temperatureMonte Carlo method:Física::Física molecular [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]Delayed neutronneutron and beta counters
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Experimental neutron capture data of 58Ni from the CERN n_TOF facility

2014

The $^{58}$Ni $(n,\gamma)$ cross section has been measured at the neutron time of flight facility n_TOF at CERN, in the energy range from 27 meV up to 400 keV. In total, 51 resonances have been analyzed up to 122 keV. Maxwellian averaged cross sections (MACS) have been calculated for stellar temperatures of kT$=$5-100 keV with uncertainties of less than 6%, showing fair agreement with recent experimental and evaluated data up to kT = 50 keV. The MACS extracted in the present work at 30 keV is 34.2$\pm$0.6$_\mathrm{stat}\pm$1.8$_\mathrm{sys}$ mb, in agreement with latest results and evaluations, but 12% lower relative to the recent KADoNIS compilation of astrophysical cross sections. When in…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsnTOFAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesNEUTRON RESONANCE ANALYSISNeutron[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsTime of flight58Ni neutron capture cross section; n_TOF; MACS0103 physical sciencesNeutron cross section:Física::Electromagnetisme [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]Nuclear Physics - ExperimentNeutronNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentPhysicsNeutronsLarge Hadron ColliderCross section010308 nuclear & particles physicsCERN - n_TOFResonanceFísicaNEUTRON TIME OF FLIGHTNeutron temperatureTime of flightNeutron captureNeutrons CaptureS PROCESSs-process
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